Alfred Ajibola
- Sat, 21st December, 2019 @ 10:26 PM
Topics in Biology
Cellular respiration in biology Len Academy biology mock questions for waec Len Academy biology midterm questions for SS1, 2nd Term Characteristics of saltwater habitat Aquatic habitat explained with its types Types of habitat: Terrestrial habitat explained with examples What is habitat? Difference between plant cell and animal cell Nucleus explained with its structures Nucleus explained with its types and functions Organelles of the cell explained with their characteristics Eukaryotic cell explained with its characteristics Prokaryotic cell explained with its structure Characteristics of prokaryotic cell Concept of cell Cell theory in biology Importance and limitations of ecological pyramid Protists explained with their characteristics Contents of the scrotum: Epididymis, vas deferens, spermatic cord and cremaster muscle Tropical savanna explained with its characteristicsAcademic Questions in Biology
From the above diagram, which of the organ below isn't a requirement for the male reproductive system?
A. Bladder
B. Ureter
C. Glans Penis
D. Testis
E. Bulbourethral Gland
F. Epididymis
A walnut shaped male accessory sex organ located between the bladder and penis is the _____.
A. Ductus Ejaculatorii
B. Bulbourethral Gland
C. Prostate Gland
D. Ductus Deferens
E. Seminal Vesicles
F. Epididymis
In a food chain, the primary consumers are classified under trophic level _____.
A. Zero
B. One
C. Two
D. Three
E. Four
F. Five
Cold blooded animals are referred to as _____.
A. Homeotherms
B. Endotherms
C. Poilokitherms
D. Ectotherms
E. Thermotherms
F. None of the above
All reptiles are vertebrates.
A. True
B. False
_____ cells are responsible for the formation of osteoblasts.
_____ is a bone that constitute the axial skeleton.
Which of the following is false concerning cartilages and bones?
Humans and animals need skeleton for their shape and support. For instance, if humans had no skeleton, they will be imagined to be like a lump of skin on the floor, without any form, shape and support.
In plants, rather than having a skeleton, they possess xylem which has in its composition some dead and hardened tissues (commonly called wood). These attributes to a plant's uprightness and support.
In animals, the skeleton is defined as a bony framework of the body that provides support, shape and protection. It is noteworthy to state that all the bones in your body make up your skeleton.
For now, understand that unicellular organisms do also have a form of skeleton.
The skeleton serves various functions in animals. For instance:
The skeleton provides support to humans in the sense that our bodily muscles are attached to various bones in our body via the tendons.
As an instance, the bone of the ribs serves as an attachment to the intercostal muscles. The intercostal muscles are quite important during the process of breathing.
Similarly, the arm muscles are attached to the scapula bone; are these are necessary for some of the movements of the upper limb.
Please read on the 206 bones of the human skeleton here.
Animals have different shapes and this is a function of the skeleton. The ability to stand in an upright position is one of the characteristics of primates; and the nature of their skeleton is responsible for their uprightness.
Please read on primates and their characteristics here.
You can read more on reptiles and their characteristics here.
Skeleton offers protection to the delicate internal organs. Examples of these organs are the heart and lungs which are protected by the rib cage or thoracic cage. Also, the brain is protected inside the skull and this is one reason why footballers can perform heading skills in the game of football without damaging their brain.
Below is an image of the Human Skeleton:
You can read on skeleton and skeletal materials here.
In Humans, the Skeleton generally performs six main functions. These are:
1. Protection: The skeleton protects the delicate internal organs; for instance, the brain is protected by some bones of the skull while the heart and lungs are protected by the sternum (breast bone) and ribs, giving rise to the rib cage or thoracic cage.
2. Movement: The skeleton brings about movement in conjunction with the cartilages, muscles, tendons and nervous system.
Please read on cartilages and their functions here.
Note: Ligaments attaches bone to bone while Tendons attaches muscles to bone.
3. Support and Shape:: Without the skeleton, we won't be upright. The shape of all animals are dependent on the structure of their skeleton. Also, the bones that make up the face supports it, giving the face it's structure.
Please read on chitin (skeletal materials of insects) here.
4. Production of Blood Cells: The red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are produced in the bone marrow of spongy bones.
Please read on red blood cells and hemoglobin here.
5. Hormonal functions: The bone is an endocrine organ.
Endocrine glands (or organs) produces hormones.
The hormone osteocalcin is produced by the bone cells. It regulates insulin production and sensitivity in the body. The hormone also aid in the deposition of fats around the body.
Interestingly, it is believed by medical scientist that osteocalcin has a part to play in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and obesity.
You can read on homeostasis here.
6. Storage of Minerals: About 99% of the total bodily calcium are present and stored in bones. The bone also accounts for about 85% of the body's phosphorus.
Please read on the various minerals, their sources, functions and deficiencies here.
The bone acts as a repository of calcium. This function is vital in the regulation of blood calcium. This process can be critical to the survival of humans.
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Amazing facts in Biology
Russia is home to the largest area of forest in our world with a land mass of 815 million hectares
Giant squid lives deep in the ocean and they have the largest eyes in the world
The movements of the fingers are controlled by muscles of the palms and forehands
Platypus (sometimes referred to as the duck-billed platypus) is an egg-laying, semiaquatic mammal found in eastern Australia. It has no stomach and as such, its food goes from the mouth through the esophagus and directly to their intestines.
Pufferfish contain a toxin called tetrodotoxin. This makes them foul tasting and poisonous to predators. Tetrodotoxin is about 1,200 times more poisonous than cyanide, and there is enough toxin in one pufferfish to kill 30 adult humans. Unfortunately, there isn't any known antidote to this poison.
Interestingly, a delicacy in Japan (called fugu) is made from pufferfish. This meal is very expensive, and must be prepared by trained and licensed chefs. An improper preparation of fugu may lead to the customer's death. Sadly, such deaths are recorded annually
Wombats are the only animal with a cube-shaped poo. They can stack up these cube-shaped poo, marking their territory with it
Robert Wadlow (1918–1940) remains the tallest man ever recorded in the Guinness World Records. He was an American who stood at 8 feet, 11 inches.
An abnormally enlarged pituitary gland had resulted into Robert Wadlow's giant size.
Cockroach is the fastest land animal on six legs
Like humans, all apes laugh when tickled
An ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain
Notable points in Biology
An artery is composed of three layers:
The outermost layer is termed tunica adventitia (or tunica external). It consist mainly of collagen fibres and connective tissues that anchors the arteries to other nearby tissues.
The middle layer is named tunica media. It is made up of smooth muscles and elastic fibres that supports the artery in conveying blood at high pressures.
The inner layer is called tunica intima (or tunica internal). It is lined by a smooth tissue called endothelium, and is made up of a fine network of connective tissues.
All living organisms possess various features in order to survive in their environment. This is the concept of adaptation. As an instance, a fish is able to live in water because it has gills and fins.
Also, a camel is able to survive in the desert because it has large feet to aid walking on sand without sinking. It also has long eyelashes to help protect it from the blowing sand and wind.
Plants are also able to live in different habitats because they have the required adaptive features towards that habitat. For instance:
Plants that live in/on water are termed hydrophytes.
Plants that live on land with moderate amount of water are termed mesophytes.
Plants that live on deserts or arid lands are termed xerophytes.
The point is:
All organisms have various features on them that enables them adapt in their habitat
For a thing to be considered living, it must possess all the basic characteristics of life. These include:
Movement
Respiration
Nutrition
Irritability or Sensitivity
Growth
Excretion
Reproduction
Death
Adaptation
Competition
Please read the explanations on all the basic characteristics of life here
During strenuous exercises like sprinting or running, your body may actually work in the shortage of oxygen. During this time, your body owes oxygen (called oxygen debt) and it must be replenished or repayed after the exercise is stopped. This is why you breathe excess of oxygen after you stopped the exercise.
This is the concept of anaerobic respiration
A food chain is a diagram that shows the relationship between plants and animals within a habitat on the basis of how they rely on each other for food.
Note: Habitat is a place where an organism live. It is of three types: