Topics in Biology
Cellular respiration in biology Len Academy biology mock questions for waec Len Academy biology midterm questions for SS1, 2nd Term Characteristics of saltwater habitat Aquatic habitat explained with its types Types of habitat: Terrestrial habitat explained with examples What is habitat? Difference between plant cell and animal cell Nucleus explained with its structures Nucleus explained with its types and functions Organelles of the cell explained with their characteristics Eukaryotic cell explained with its characteristics Prokaryotic cell explained with its structure Characteristics of prokaryotic cell Concept of cell Cell theory in biology Importance and limitations of ecological pyramid Protists explained with their characteristics Contents of the scrotum: Epididymis, vas deferens, spermatic cord and cremaster muscle Tropical savanna explained with its characteristicsAcademic Questions in Biology
From the above diagram, which of the organ below isn't a requirement for the male reproductive system?
A. Bladder
B. Ureter
C. Glans Penis
D. Testis
E. Bulbourethral Gland
F. Epididymis
A walnut shaped male accessory sex organ located between the bladder and penis is the _____.
A. Ductus Ejaculatorii
B. Bulbourethral Gland
C. Prostate Gland
D. Ductus Deferens
E. Seminal Vesicles
F. Epididymis
In a food chain, the primary consumers are classified under trophic level _____.
A. Zero
B. One
C. Two
D. Three
E. Four
F. Five
Cold blooded animals are referred to as _____.
A. Homeotherms
B. Endotherms
C. Poilokitherms
D. Ectotherms
E. Thermotherms
F. None of the above
All reptiles are vertebrates.
A. True
B. False
_____ cells are responsible for the formation of osteoblasts.
_____ is a bone that constitute the axial skeleton.
Which of the following is false concerning cartilages and bones?
All savannas (or grasslands) share one underlying factor and that's their similar climate. In fact, it is the nature of their climate that give rise to grasses as their dominant plant population.
Savanna (also spelt as savannah) are often referred to as grasslands.
Generally, the savanna can be put into three types. These are:
Climatic Savanna
Edaphic Savanna
Derived Savanna
However, understand that we also have other types of savanna based on the region or location where they are present. Some of these includes:
Tropical Savanna
Please read on tropical savanna here.
Temperate Savanna
Please read on temperate savanna here.
Sudan Savanna
Sahel Savanna
Climatic savannas are formed as result of their climate. In fact, most savannas seen around the world are climatic in nature. These will include the tropical savanna and temperate savanna.
The climate of a savanna biome is usually comprised of two seasons. These are: the dry (windy) season and the wet (rainy) season.
Please read on the concept of a Biome here.
During the dry season, the biotic (living) components of the savanna which include plants (especially grasses) and animals disappears. This is the case because wild fires are common during this period. As a result, the grasses are burnt up while the animals run away or burrow themselves deep into the soil as means of survival.
Note: During this period, the savanna is laid bare. For this reason, most trees cannot survive in the savanna as a result of the long dry seasons. However, the grasses are adapted to survive due to their methods of propagation and short life cycles.
Please read on the methods of plant propagation here.
When the rains come (during the wet seasons), the spores and seeds of the grasses germinate and flourishes once again while animals that had migrated return to the grassland to graze. Once again, the rivers and lakes become filled up as life resumes to its fullest in the savanna.
From the above explanations, we can infer that plant and animal community are adapted to survive in the savanna. It is these adapted plants and animals that eventually constitute the savanna ecosystem.
Please read more on the concept of an ecosystem here.
It is the climatic conditions of the savanna that gives rise to its nature of biotic community and ecosystem. In short, this is what differentiates the savanna from other biomes like the tropical rainforests and deserts.
Please read on tropical rain forests here.
Please read on the types of desert here.
The word 'edaphic' relates to the soil. Edaphic savannas are formed based on the nature and type of soil present within it.
Typically, the soil as seen in edaphic savanna isn't quite rich in nutrients. It is also not deep enough. As a result, the growth of trees aren't supported here. Conversely, grasses can adapt and flourish here because of their inherent survival characteristics to soils will poor nutrients.
Edaphic savannas are typically smaller when compared to climatic savanna. In addition, they are often found in regions with lesser annual rainfall and warmer climate.
As the name implies, these savannas are derived from other types of biomes.
As an instance, the government of a nation may decide to clear out a forest area, converting it into a savanna. To this end, they will probably cut down all the trees and plant grasses in replacement, thus making it a derived grassland.
You can read on the differences between plants and crops here.
It had also been reported that the grazing actions of African elephants have given rise to derived savanna in areas that initially had a good population of trees and other plants.
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Amazing facts in Biology
Russia is home to the largest area of forest in our world with a land mass of 815 million hectares
Giant squid lives deep in the ocean and they have the largest eyes in the world
The movements of the fingers are controlled by muscles of the palms and forehands
Platypus (sometimes referred to as the duck-billed platypus) is an egg-laying, semiaquatic mammal found in eastern Australia. It has no stomach and as such, its food goes from the mouth through the esophagus and directly to their intestines.
Pufferfish contain a toxin called tetrodotoxin. This makes them foul tasting and poisonous to predators. Tetrodotoxin is about 1,200 times more poisonous than cyanide, and there is enough toxin in one pufferfish to kill 30 adult humans. Unfortunately, there isn't any known antidote to this poison.
Interestingly, a delicacy in Japan (called fugu) is made from pufferfish. This meal is very expensive, and must be prepared by trained and licensed chefs. An improper preparation of fugu may lead to the customer's death. Sadly, such deaths are recorded annually
Wombats are the only animal with a cube-shaped poo. They can stack up these cube-shaped poo, marking their territory with it
Robert Wadlow (1918–1940) remains the tallest man ever recorded in the Guinness World Records. He was an American who stood at 8 feet, 11 inches.
An abnormally enlarged pituitary gland had resulted into Robert Wadlow's giant size.
Cockroach is the fastest land animal on six legs
Like humans, all apes laugh when tickled
An ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain
Notable points in Biology
An artery is composed of three layers:
The outermost layer is termed tunica adventitia (or tunica external). It consist mainly of collagen fibres and connective tissues that anchors the arteries to other nearby tissues.
The middle layer is named tunica media. It is made up of smooth muscles and elastic fibres that supports the artery in conveying blood at high pressures.
The inner layer is called tunica intima (or tunica internal). It is lined by a smooth tissue called endothelium, and is made up of a fine network of connective tissues.
All living organisms possess various features in order to survive in their environment. This is the concept of adaptation. As an instance, a fish is able to live in water because it has gills and fins.
Also, a camel is able to survive in the desert because it has large feet to aid walking on sand without sinking. It also has long eyelashes to help protect it from the blowing sand and wind.
Plants are also able to live in different habitats because they have the required adaptive features towards that habitat. For instance:
Plants that live in/on water are termed hydrophytes.
Plants that live on land with moderate amount of water are termed mesophytes.
Plants that live on deserts or arid lands are termed xerophytes.
The point is:
All organisms have various features on them that enables them adapt in their habitat
For a thing to be considered living, it must possess all the basic characteristics of life. These include:
Movement
Respiration
Nutrition
Irritability or Sensitivity
Growth
Excretion
Reproduction
Death
Adaptation
Competition
Please read the explanations on all the basic characteristics of life here
During strenuous exercises like sprinting or running, your body may actually work in the shortage of oxygen. During this time, your body owes oxygen (called oxygen debt) and it must be replenished or repayed after the exercise is stopped. This is why you breathe excess of oxygen after you stopped the exercise.
This is the concept of anaerobic respiration
A food chain is a diagram that shows the relationship between plants and animals within a habitat on the basis of how they rely on each other for food.
Note: Habitat is a place where an organism live. It is of three types: