Alfred Ajibola
- Sat, 22nd June, 2019 @ 3:19 PM
Topics in Agricultural Science
Soil formation in agricuture Economic empowerment through agricuture Management as a factor of production in agriculture Labor as a factor of production in agriculture Finance as a factor of production in agriculture Water as a factor of production in agriculture Land as a factor of production in agriculture Len Academy Agricultural Science midterm questions for JSS1, 2nd term Len Academy Agricultural Science midterm questions for jss2, 2nd term Clay soil explained with its types and characteristics Loamy soil explained with its characteristics Sandy soil: Characteristics of sandy soil and ways to make it fertile Soil explained with its composition Types of agricultural practices Crop rotation explained Benefits of crop rotation Differences between subsistence and commercial farming Subsistence farming explained with its characteristics What is commercial farming? Types of commercial farming Characteristics of commercial farmingAcademic Questions in Agricultural Science
The ideal pH for the optimum growth of most agricultural crop is between _____.
A. 1 – 3.5
B. 4 – 5.5
C. 6 – 7.5
D. 8 – 9.5
E. 10 – 11.5
F. 12 – 13.5
People who go about their lives by raising and herding livestock such as cattle, sheep and goats are said to practice _____.
A. Pastoralism
B. Pasturalism
C. Herding
D. Herdsmen
E. Animalism
F. Anime Farming
The act of giving birth in pigs is called _____.
A. Calving
B. Piggery
C. Kidding
D. Farrowing
E. Calfing
F. Pigging
Which of the following is not a vegetable?
A. Cashew
B. Cocumber
C. Tomatoes
D. Carrot
E. Squash
F. Eggplant
All plants are crops.
A. True
B. False
In agriculture, macronutrients are essential nutrients required by plants. Which of the following is not a macronutrient?
A. Zinc
B. Sulphur
C. Calcium
D. Phosphorus
E. Potassium
F. Magnesium
Which of the following is false concerning micronutrients?
A. They are non-essential nutrients
B. They are required by plants in minute quantities
C. Iron is a micronutrient
D. Chlorine is a micronutrient
E. Copper is a micronutrient
F. Boron is a micronutrient
_____ is a term that describes the biological, chemical and cultural control tactics employed to make pest management economical, environmentally friendly and socially acceptable.
A. Integrated Pest Management
B. Integral Pest Management
C. International Pest Management
D. Inclusive Pest Management
E. Imbibed Pest Management
F. Inclusion Pest Management
As a student, having the knowledge of various agricultural terms will enhance your understanding of agricultural science.
In this article we will look at agricultural terms beginning with letters 'P' and 'Q'.
This is the total number of parasites that are present in a host organism.
A parasite is any organism that lives on another organism (called the host), feed on it, benefit at its expense and eventually causes harm to it.
An example of a parasite is plasmodium malariae whose hosts are humans.
Plasmodium (malaria parasite) is responsible for causing malaria in humans. It is a protist and a protozoan.
Please read more on protists and their characteristics here.
The parenchyma is a plant supporting tissue composed of cells with simple pits. They also help plants to metabolize and store food materials.
The two types of parenchyma cells recognized in plants are:
Axial parenchyma: These cells are seen in vertical positions.
Ray parenchyma: The cells lie in horizontal positions.
This is the process whereby an animal gives birth to one or more offspring.
Please read on agricultural terms and meanings, (letter A) here.
This is the process of preserving milk by passing it through a mild temperature (usually less than 100oC) in order to kill all harmful bacteria; and without changing the physical and chemical composition of the milk.
Other products that can be preserved through pasteurization include yogurt, cheese, beer and wine.
This is when a person or group of people go about their lives by raising and herding livestock such as cattle, sheep and goats.
This is an area of land used for forage and grass production on which farm animals like cattle, sheep and goats graze on.
Recall that the savanna is also referred to as a grassland.
Please read more on the savanna here.
A peat is formed when vegetative materials are allowed to decompose partially into organic matter under wet conditions.
These are soils that are formed from dead and partially decayed organic matter in a wet land.
This is a general term used on an extensive area of wetland where peat has been formed.
A plant is said to have reached its permanent wilting point when it has lost so much water to the extent that even when it’s put in a humid environment with enough watering, it will still not recover.
A pest is any organism that attack plants and plant products, causing damage and illness in the process.
Please read on agricultural pest and the crops attacked here.
These are chemicals or substances used for preventing, repelling and destroying pest on an agricultural land.
Please read on pest of agricultural importance here.
This is the degree of acidity or alkalinity.
A soil that has a pH of 0 – 6.9 is said to be acidic.
A pH value of 7 is neutral.
pH with values 7.1 – 14 is considered to be alkaline.
The ideal pH of a soil for the optimum growth of most agricultural crops is between the values of 6 to 7.5.
Please read on agricultural terms and meanings, letters I - O here.
This is the process through which green plants manufacture sugars by utilizing carbon(IV)oxide (CO2) and water (H2O) in the presence of sunlight; as oxygen is given off as a by-product.
Photosynthesis usually occurs in the green leaf of plants. It may also occur in the plant’s stem.
The chlorophyll present in the chloroplast of plant’s leaf traps sunlight energy for photosynthesis.
Please read on autotrophic nutrition and photosynthesis here.
These are large communities of tiny or microscopic aquatic organisms comprising of photosynthetic bacteria, algae, dinoflagellates, diatoms, plants and plant-like protists living on water.
It may interest you to know that more than 60% of earth’s oxygen comes from the photosynthetic activities of phytoplanktons.
Please read more interesting facts here.
This is the female part of a flower comprising of the ovary, stigma and style.
Note: The flower is the reproductive part of a plant.
Please read on sexual and asexual reproduction in plants here.
These are group of parenchyma like cells with intercellular spaces; and are located inwards to the plant’s vascular tissues (xylem and phloem), with the latter occupying the central region.
A pig is a young swine that weighs less than 54.4 kilogram.
This is the amount of soil water that can be absorbed by plant roots.
Please read on soil erosion here.
This is an overall term for the viscous and adhesive plant substances produced as exudates from the bark of trees and shrubs.
Plant gums are sugars in nature. Examples of gums are pine and spruce gum.
Please read on carbohydrates and sugars here.
Please Read on agricultural terms and meanings (P - Q) part 2 here.
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Amazing facts in Agricultural Science
Cows technically have one stomach, not four. However, a cow's stomach has four compartments. These are: rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum
Peanuts are legumes and not nuts
Although plants neither see nor hear, they can recognize their siblings and even give them preferential treatments
Squirrels do plant more trees (through their actions) than an average human in their lifetime. They often hide their acorns and nuts underground and forget about them
Cows have got the ability to walk up stairs, but not down stairs
A group of cows is called a team, drove or herd.
People just prefer to call them herd
Notable points in Agricultural Science
Below are characteristics of gymnosperms:
Their seeds have cones that protect them.
Sepals and petals aren't present in their cones.
Stigma and style are absent.
They do not produce fruits. Only seeds are formed.
Companion cells are absent.
Sporophyll form the cones.
Anther and filament are absent.
The ovules are not present in the ovary.
Gymnosperms do not possess flowers.
Please read on the anatomical differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms here
The flower is the reproductive organ in plants' sexual reproduction. In order to achieve a successful sexual propagation or reproduction in plants, the floral parts of the flower are utilized.
The floral parts of a flower consists of the followings:
Sepals
Petals
Stamen
Carpel
The stamen is male portion of a plant. It consists of the anther and filament.
The carpel (or pistil) is the female portion of the plant. It consists of the stigma, style and ovary.
An organism will be considered a pest if it does one of the followings:
Attack crops and eat its seeds, roots, stem, leaves and flowers. Examples are locust and grasshoppers.
Cause damage to stored food, fruits or other agricultural produce. Some may even urinate or deaficate on these products. Examples are rodents, cockroaches and mice.
Attack and kill farm animals like goats, sheep and cattle. Examples are foxes, wild cats and snakes.
Act as disease vectors. A vector is an organism that carries parasite and other disease causing organisms, without being affected; but when they introduce the parasites into their host, such host becomes infected with disease. Examples of vectors are rodents and mosquitoes.
Below are the classification of crops based on their uses:
Oil crops
Vegetable crops
Latex crops
Drug and Medicinal crops
Beverage crops
Fibre crops
Fruit crops
Root and Tubers
Legumes
Spices
Cereals
All crops are plants but not all plants are crops. Below are some instances:
Weeds are considered as plants, not crops.
Parasitic plants are not necessarily crops. Examples of parasitic plants include mistletoe, corpse flower and striga.
Carnivorous or insectivorous plants are not necessarily crops. Examples are sundew, venus flytrap and pitcher plant. The image below shows a carnivorous plant (venus flytrap).
Meanwhile, always understand that all crops are plants, and they are grown for food, money or something beneficial.