Alfred Ajibola
- Thu, 06th February, 2020 @ 2:24 PM
Topics in Biology
Cellular respiration in biology Len Academy biology mock questions for waec Len Academy biology midterm questions for SS1, 2nd Term Characteristics of saltwater habitat Aquatic habitat explained with its types Types of habitat: Terrestrial habitat explained with examples What is habitat? Difference between plant cell and animal cell Nucleus explained with its structures Nucleus explained with its types and functions Organelles of the cell explained with their characteristics Eukaryotic cell explained with its characteristics Prokaryotic cell explained with its structure Characteristics of prokaryotic cell Concept of cell Cell theory in biology Importance and limitations of ecological pyramid Protists explained with their characteristics Contents of the scrotum: Epididymis, vas deferens, spermatic cord and cremaster muscle Tropical savanna explained with its characteristicsAcademic Questions in Biology
From the above diagram, which of the organ below isn't a requirement for the male reproductive system?
A. Bladder
B. Ureter
C. Glans Penis
D. Testis
E. Bulbourethral Gland
F. Epididymis
A walnut shaped male accessory sex organ located between the bladder and penis is the _____.
A. Ductus Ejaculatorii
B. Bulbourethral Gland
C. Prostate Gland
D. Ductus Deferens
E. Seminal Vesicles
F. Epididymis
In a food chain, the primary consumers are classified under trophic level _____.
A. Zero
B. One
C. Two
D. Three
E. Four
F. Five
Cold blooded animals are referred to as _____.
A. Homeotherms
B. Endotherms
C. Poilokitherms
D. Ectotherms
E. Thermotherms
F. None of the above
All reptiles are vertebrates.
A. True
B. False
_____ cells are responsible for the formation of osteoblasts.
_____ is a bone that constitute the axial skeleton.
Which of the following is false concerning cartilages and bones?
To explain the concept of negative feedback mechanism in homeostasis, take a moment to imagine yourself 'walking down the road on a sunny day'. Through this action, you are likely to sweat.
From the above scenerio, your act of sweating is good for you because this is how the homeostatic process regulates (or attempts to cool) your body from the sun's hot rays.
Meanwhile, a good understanding on the concept of homeostasis will aid you to better comprehend the negative feedback mechanism.
Please read on the concept of homeostasis here.
The diagram below shows the process of homeostasis and its eventual negative feedback mechanism on a sunny day.
You can read on the red blood cells and hemoglobin here.
Still using the above instance as a point of reference, you will also notice that the amount of urine produced by your kidneys will become lesser on this sunny day. This is happening because you are already losing water and salt through the process of sweating. As a result, less urine is produced in an attempt to make up for your water loss, (that is; an attempt to conserve water).
Again, you are likely to drink a lot of water on this sunny day due to a higher tendency of being thirsty. This thirstiness is brought about by the hypothalamus through stimulations from the pituitary gland (also referred to as the master endocrine gland). The goal of being thirsty is to enable you drink more water, thus compensating for the water loss which resulted from sweating.
All of these homeostatic processes in the above paragraphs will continue on and on. If not checked, it might become detrimental to the your health.
From our above instance (walking down the road on a sunny day), you can't continue to sweat forever because that will not be good for you.
Now, what seems to be a solution (that is; sweating) at the beginning of our example can now potentially cause excessive water loss; and this is where the negative feedback mechanism comes into play. To this end, the kidneys produces less urine while the hypothalamus stimulates thirst in an attempt to compensate for water loss through sweating.
Please read on sources, functions and defficiencies of mineral salts here.
Below is an explanation on the concept of a negative feedback mechanism through an homeostatic process occuring on a cold day:
On a cold day, the body's metabolic rate reduces. As a result, we barely sweat. Also, the body's temperature decreases. To this end, the various homeostatic organs will carry out the following processes (homeostatic functions) in an attempt to increase the body's temperature and metabolic rate, thus ultimately resulting in the elimination of water from the body. These homeostatic processes are as follows:
The above homeostatic processes is vital for survival on a cold day. However, the point to note is: 'Such processes must eventually stop; else the individual will die from the continuous loss of water'. Once again, it is at this point that the negative feedback mechanism comes to the rescue.
Note: It is important to state that the stimuli that initiated the the homeostatic process will at some point cease to exist. For instance, the individual may put on the house heater in order to reverse the stimuli, (that is, the cold environment).
From our explanations above, the negative feedback mechanism is therefore a result of coordinations from the nervous and endocrine systems in an attempt to inhibit, stop or reverse the homeostatic responses to a stimuli.
Negative feedback mechanism therefore allows the increasing product of a process or pathway to be controlled, decreased or put into check. Generally, it causes an eventual decrease in the function of a homeostatic process.
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Amazing facts in Biology
Russia is home to the largest area of forest in our world with a land mass of 815 million hectares
Giant squid lives deep in the ocean and they have the largest eyes in the world
The movements of the fingers are controlled by muscles of the palms and forehands
Platypus (sometimes referred to as the duck-billed platypus) is an egg-laying, semiaquatic mammal found in eastern Australia. It has no stomach and as such, its food goes from the mouth through the esophagus and directly to their intestines.
Pufferfish contain a toxin called tetrodotoxin. This makes them foul tasting and poisonous to predators. Tetrodotoxin is about 1,200 times more poisonous than cyanide, and there is enough toxin in one pufferfish to kill 30 adult humans. Unfortunately, there isn't any known antidote to this poison.
Interestingly, a delicacy in Japan (called fugu) is made from pufferfish. This meal is very expensive, and must be prepared by trained and licensed chefs. An improper preparation of fugu may lead to the customer's death. Sadly, such deaths are recorded annually
Wombats are the only animal with a cube-shaped poo. They can stack up these cube-shaped poo, marking their territory with it
Robert Wadlow (1918–1940) remains the tallest man ever recorded in the Guinness World Records. He was an American who stood at 8 feet, 11 inches.
An abnormally enlarged pituitary gland had resulted into Robert Wadlow's giant size.
Cockroach is the fastest land animal on six legs
Like humans, all apes laugh when tickled
An ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain
Notable points in Biology
An artery is composed of three layers:
The outermost layer is termed tunica adventitia (or tunica external). It consist mainly of collagen fibres and connective tissues that anchors the arteries to other nearby tissues.
The middle layer is named tunica media. It is made up of smooth muscles and elastic fibres that supports the artery in conveying blood at high pressures.
The inner layer is called tunica intima (or tunica internal). It is lined by a smooth tissue called endothelium, and is made up of a fine network of connective tissues.
All living organisms possess various features in order to survive in their environment. This is the concept of adaptation. As an instance, a fish is able to live in water because it has gills and fins.
Also, a camel is able to survive in the desert because it has large feet to aid walking on sand without sinking. It also has long eyelashes to help protect it from the blowing sand and wind.
Plants are also able to live in different habitats because they have the required adaptive features towards that habitat. For instance:
Plants that live in/on water are termed hydrophytes.
Plants that live on land with moderate amount of water are termed mesophytes.
Plants that live on deserts or arid lands are termed xerophytes.
The point is:
All organisms have various features on them that enables them adapt in their habitat
For a thing to be considered living, it must possess all the basic characteristics of life. These include:
Movement
Respiration
Nutrition
Irritability or Sensitivity
Growth
Excretion
Reproduction
Death
Adaptation
Competition
Please read the explanations on all the basic characteristics of life here
During strenuous exercises like sprinting or running, your body may actually work in the shortage of oxygen. During this time, your body owes oxygen (called oxygen debt) and it must be replenished or repayed after the exercise is stopped. This is why you breathe excess of oxygen after you stopped the exercise.
This is the concept of anaerobic respiration
A food chain is a diagram that shows the relationship between plants and animals within a habitat on the basis of how they rely on each other for food.
Note: Habitat is a place where an organism live. It is of three types: