Alfred Ajibola
- 19th June, 2022 @ 04:02 PM
Topics in Geography
Environmental geography explained with its branches Igneous rock explained with its types and textures Characteristics of Igneous Rock What are Sedimentary Rocks? Formation and Types of Sedimentary Rock Characteristics of Sedimentary Rock Types and Characteristics of Metamorphic Rock Physical geography explained with its branches Geography Scheme of Work, SS1, First Term Geography Scheme of Work, SS1, Second Term Geography Scheme of Work, SS1, Third Term Classification and types of planets with their characteristics Planets of the solar system explained with their characteristics Functions of the Atmosphere Layers of the Atmosphere Solar System in Geography Composition of the Atmosphere Human geography explained with its branches What are metamorphic rocks? Formation of metamorphic rock?Academic Questions in Geography
Which of the following is not a branch of environmental geography?
A. Physical Geography
B. Hazards
C. Political Ecology
D. Environmental Perception
E. Landscape Studies
F. Energy and Resource Geography
Sandstone is an example of _____ .
A. Sandy soil
B. Loamy soil
C. Clay soil
D. Igneous rock
E. Sedimentary rock
F. Metamorphic rock
Which of the following isn't an example of metamorphic rock?
A. Schist
B. Quartzite
C. Gabbro
D. Marble
E. Slate
F. Serpentinite
Which of the following statements is false concerning metamorphic rock?
A. The are less dense than igneous and sedimentary rocks
B. They can be foliated or non foliated
C. They are crystalline in nature
D. They have a more coarse texture than their protolith
E. They may be formed from an older metamorphic rock
F. They are characterized with precious metals and stones
Earth's distance from the sun is approximately _____ million kilometers.
A. 147
B. 85
C. 40
D. 220
E. 309
F. 400
Which of the following is not a branch of physical geography?
A. Economic Geography
B. Religious Geography
C. Social Geography
D. Resource Geography
E. Settlement Geography
F. Industrial Geography
Water resource geography is a branch under physiography.
A. True
B. False
With regards to ozone, which of the following is incorrect?
A. Ozone is a triatomic molecule
B. Ozone layer aids in preventing excess ultraviolet radiation from reaching the earth
C. Ozone is a natural greenhouses gas
D. Ozone comprises of oxygen molecules only
E. Ozone layer brings about a global warming on earth
F. Ozone is present in the stratosphere
Sedimentary rocks are generally considered as secondary rocks. This is true because they are formed of sediments derived from pre-existing rocks and fossils (or remains of plants and animals) through the agents of gradation. In this regard, the age of a given sedimentary rock may be determined through analysis of the fossils present in it.
Meanwhile, it is noteworthy to state that igneous rocks are the most important source of the inorganic mineral matter that forms sedimentary rocks.
Please read on igneous rocks here.
Sedimentary rocks amount to about 76% of the earth's surface. They can be formed in different ways. These are:
Clastic sedimentary rock require 4 basic processes during their formation. These are:
Weathering
Transportation
Deposition
Compaction
Please read on metamorphic rock and its formation here.
Examples of sedimentary rocks include chalk, limestone, sandstone and clay. These are shown in the image below:
Please read on the characteristics of sedimentary rocks here.
The terms below are noteworthy with regards to sedimentary rocks.
Weathering refers to the processes that involves the physical and chemical breakdown of rocks when exposed to air and water.
Lithification is a process of rock formation whereby pressure squeezes the rock sediments into layered solids while the connate fluids are simultaneously expelled. Through this process, raw rock sediment are converted into consolidated sedimentary rock over a period of time.
Diagenesis is a term used to describe all the chemical, physical and biological changes a sediment undergoes after its initial deposition and lithification. Diagenesis is not dependent on surface weathering.
Please read on the characteristics of igneous rocks here.
From the above explanations, we can conclude that there are three basic types of sedimentary rocks based on their formation process. These are:
Please read on the characteristics of metamorphic rocks here.
Meanwhile, understand that most sedimentary rocks are formed by the lithification of weathered rock debris that has been physically transported and deposited.
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Amazing facts in Geography
Lake Baikal is the deepest freshwater lake in the world. It is located in Siberia, and has a depth of 5,315 feet (1,620 meters)
River Nile is the world's longest river, reaching a length of 6,853km. It runs through the borders of 11 African countries. These are Egypt, Sudan, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi and Eritrea
The deepest place on Earth is the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. It has a dept of 11,034 meters (or 36,201 feet)
Japan has recorded the most earthquakes and is thereby considered as the world's most earthquake-prone country
The planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune have no solid surfaces, but are rather made up of gases. For this reason, humans can never stand on them
Burg Khalifa is the tallest building in the world (as at 2023). It is situated in Dubai and stands at over 2,700 feet
Pepto Bismol-colored Lake Hillier is a pink colored lake present in Australia
Mount Everest is the highest point on earth with a height of 8,849 meters (29,032 feet). It is located between Nepal and Tibet, an autonomous region of China.
Mountain Everest is a symbol of relationship between Nepal and Tibet, and was named in the nineteenth century after George Everest, a former Surveyor General of India
A day on planet venus is longer than a year. This is so because it takes venus 243 'earth days' to spin round its axis (rotation), but takes 225 'earth days' to go around the sun (revolution).
In geography, understand that a day is reached when the planet makes a full spin or rotation round it's axis. However, a year is reached when a planet revolves fully around the sun
The Four Corners is a location in the United States of Ameria where one can stand in four states simultaneously (at the same time). The states are: Utah, Colorado, Arizona and New Mexico.
On the Four Corners, a person stands on the southwestern corner of Colorado, southeastern corner of Utah, northeastern corner of Arizona, and northwestern corner of New Mexico at once.
Notable points in Geography
Planets can be categorized based on their composition. These include:
1. Terrestrial or Rocky Planets: They are mercury, venus, earth and mars. They are called terrestrial or rocky planets for the following reasons:
They have a rocky and compact surface.
They have no rings around them.
They have a few natural satellites.
They rotate slowly around their axis.
2. Gas or Jovian Planets: They include jupiter, saturn, uranus and neptune. They have the following features:
They are called jovian planets because they are bigger in size when compared to earth.
They are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium gas, hence the name 'gas planets' or 'gas giants'.
They rotate rapidly.
They have many satellites.
They have rings around them.
The following rules are required for a body to become classified (or regarded) as a planet:
It must orbit the sun.
It does not orbit another planet. This means that it must not be a satellite.
It must have sufficient mass which accounts for its self-gravity.
It must assume a nearly round shape.
Earth's atmosphere is extremely important for the survival of all its inhabitants. As a student, it is important you comprehend how the above functions of the atmosphere support life. The explanations below give credence to this fact.
When one moves further away from earth, the atmosphere becomes thinner until it disappears into the outer space. There is no atmosphere in space. For this reason, astronauts will always wear a spacesuit while carrying along their oxygen gas masks and canisters when in space.
People living on very high altitudes will likely experience a reduced amount of oxygen in the atmosphere. Such people survive because their bodily organs become adapted to survive in such conditions.
On mountain everest for instance, mountain climbers will need to carry oxygen canisters because lesser amount of oxygen is present on this mountain.
The interface forming the boundary between two atmospheric layers are always named with a 'pause' at its end; for instance;
Tropopause: This is the interface or boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere.
Stratopause: Interface between the stratosphere and mesosphere.
Mesopause: Interface between the mesosphere and ionosphere.
Ionopause: Interface between the ionosphere and thermosphere.
The atmosphere surrounding the earth is layered. Each layer has its own characteristics although the boundaries between them are not clearly defined.
The image below shows the different layers of the atmosphere:
